Agriculture Use

Agricultural wastewaters and their contaminants include the following

  • Olive Mill Wastewater (Total solids and organic content)
  • Swine Wastewater (contaminated with OxyTetracycline, organic content)
  • Water contaminated with Herbicides
  • (2-MethylChloroPhenoxyAcetic Acid)




Usefulness of Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA®) in the treatment of Agricultural Wastewater

  • Wastewaters can be treated using ECA® as the bed substrate and planted with Phragmites australi. 
  • Swine wastewater and Olive mill wastewater that contains Oxytetracycline, total suspended solids and high organic content, can be removed by this process (planted Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA®) bed) with efficiency higher than 80%.
  • Water contaminated with Herbicide (2-MethylChloroPhenoxyAcetic Acid), study has showed that Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA®) has high absorption ability for the herbicide (2-MethylChloroPhenoxyAcetic Acid), so the removal efficiency is about 56-97%.


Physical Properties:

  • It’s dependable and consistent
  • Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA®)  is chemically and physically inert
  • Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA®)  has great hydraulic conductivity which allows fast and free drainage/binding of pollutants such as phosphorus.
  • It  has an increased surface area
  • Due to its ceramic properties, it reduces material degradation
  • Reduced handling costs


Perfomance Properties:

  • Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA®) has a lower maintenance cost and it’s economical
  • Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA®)  is readily available and easy to use in treatment of waste water, sewage and industrial effluents.
  • It has a predictable performance and longevity
  • Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA®)  employs ion exchange for an effective treatment process
  • Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA®)  removes solid material that can bring about clogging
  • Effective reduction or removal of arsenic, phosphorus, metals, oil, grease and poisonous hydrocarbons.
  • Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA®) combines effluent filtration and nutrients removal for cleaner discharge.
  • It has a greater surface area which makes filtration of pollutants effective.