Effluent Treatment
Oil & Gas Industrial effluent has a wide variety of hazardous substances, chemicals, organic and inorganic compounds as well as radioactive substances.
If this wastewater effluent is channeled into the urban wastewater system, it can contaminate water resources. In order to purify the water, the Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA®) can be used effectively.
POLLUTANTS THAT ARE PRESENTS IN PETROCHEMICAL EFFLUENTS are also mainly heavy metals and Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, also polyaromatic hydrocarbons or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons) are hydrocarbons—organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen—that are composed of multiple aromatic rings (organic rings in which the electrons are delocalized). Formally, the class is further defined as lacking further branching substituents on these ring structures. PAHs are non-charged, non-polar molecules found in coal and in tar deposits also. PAHs are nonpolar and lipophilic. Larger PAHs are generally insoluble in water, while some PAHs are soluble and known contaminants in drinking water and wastewater from these industries. The larger members are also poorly soluble in organic solvents as well as lipids. They are usually colorless. Although PAHs clearly are aromatic compounds, the degree of aromaticity can be different for each ring segment. If this wastewater effluent is channeled into the urban wastewater systems, it can contaminate water resources. Developmental Impacts and hazards refer to multiple epidemiological studies of people living in Europe, the United States, and China have linked in utero exposure to PAHs, through air pollution or parental occupational exposure, with poor fetal growth, reduced immune function, and poorer neurological development, including lower In order to purify the water, Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA®) can be used effectively. Please refer to the ADSORPTION PROCESS FOR REMOVING PYRENE, PHENATHERENE, AND FLUORANTHENE with reference to the use of lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate (ECA®) for more details.
Pollutants that are present in petrochemical effluents
1. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH), which consists of:
- Pyrene
- Phenanthrene
- Fluoranthene
- They are also known as Mutagenic and Carcinogenic materials
- They occur as a result of oil spills from crude oil
2. Heavy Metal, such as :
- Iron
- Lead
- Chromium
- Cadmium
- Nickel and the like
Application Technique
Removing heavy metals (Nickel, iron, lead, and chromium) and carcinogenic hydrocarbons (Pyrene, Phenatherene, and Fluoranthene) from contaminated water and effluents have become an important process in making our water bodies free from pollutant.
The most widely used techniques for the removal of heavy metals and hydrocarbon from petrochemical industrial effluents are advanced treatment techniques such as:
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| Operational difficulties | High maintenance costs | Use of costly mineral absorbents. |
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